Chapter 1: The New World
Which development helped some Indigenous societies in North America support large towns before European contact?
- A. Steam-powered farming
- B. The spread of maize farming
- C. European steel tools
- D. Sugar plantations
Correct answer: B. The spread of maize farming. Maize provided a steady food supply that supported population growth and large communities, including Cahokia.
Key terms for Chapters 1–3: Cahokia, maize, Columbian Exchange, encomienda, Jamestown, New Netherland, Puritans, Atlantic slavery.
Chapter 2: Colliding Cultures
What was a main purpose of the Dutch colony of New Netherland?
- A. Building a fur-trading network
- B. Creating a Catholic refuge
- C. Growing rice with convict labor
- D. Stopping all English settlement
Correct answer: A. Building a fur-trading network. Dutch settlement centered on trade, especially the fur trade along the Hudson River.
Key terms: New Netherland, Jamestown, joint-stock company, tobacco, headright system, Pilgrims, Puritans and religious dissent.
Chapter 3: British North America
What was the main goal of the English Navigation Acts?
- A. Ending trade between the colonies
- B. Controlling colonial trade for England’s benefit
- C. Giving the colonies full economic freedom
- D. Banning English goods in America
Correct answer: B. Controlling colonial trade for England’s benefit. The acts directed valuable colonial commerce through English ships and ports.
Key terms: Navigation Acts, mercantilism, Middle Passage, Bacon’s Rebellion, forced migration and the Glorious Revolution.
Chapter 4: Colonial Society
Which product often served as commodity money in the Chesapeake colonies?
- A. Tea
- B. Tobacco
- C. Cotton
- D. Silver
Correct answer: B. Tobacco. Coin was often scarce, so colonists used tobacco to pay debts, taxes and other costs.
Chapter 5: The American Revolution
Which British response followed the Boston Tea Party?
- A. The Coercive Acts
- B. The Treaty of Paris
- C. The Proclamation of Emancipation
- D. The Missouri Compromise
Correct answer: A. The Coercive Acts. These measures punished Massachusetts and helped unite colonial resistance.
Key terms: Stamp Act, Townshend Acts, Boston Massacre, Tea Act, Boston Tea Party, Coercive Acts, Lexington and Concord.
Chapter 6: A New Nation
What dispute did the Great Compromise settle at the Constitutional Convention?
- A. How Congress would represent the states
- B. Where to place the national capital
- C. Who could join the army
- D. How to buy western land
Correct answer: A. How Congress would represent the states. It created a House based on population and a Senate with equal state representation.
Chapter 7: The Early Republic
What did the federal response to the Whiskey Rebellion show?
- A. Federal laws could not be enforced
- B. The new government would enforce federal taxes
- C. States controlled foreign trade
- D. The national army had been ended
Correct answer: B. The new government would enforce federal taxes. Washington’s response showed the strength of the new federal system.
Chapter 8: The Market Revolution
What did the Erie Canal directly connect?
- A. The Mississippi River and Mexico
- B. The Great Lakes and Hudson River
- C. Boston and Charleston
- D. California and the Atlantic
Correct answer: B. The Great Lakes and Hudson River. The canal cut transport costs and tied western farms to eastern markets.
Chapter 9: Democracy in America
Which policy forced many Native peoples from lands east of the Mississippi?
- A. The Homestead Act
- B. The Indian Removal Act
- C. The Dawes Act
- D. The Kansas-Nebraska Act
Correct answer: B. The Indian Removal Act. The policy drove forced migrations, including the Cherokee Trail of Tears.
Which meeting issued the Declaration of Sentiments in 1848?
- A. Hartford Convention
- B. Seneca Falls Convention
- C. Albany Congress
- D. Constitutional Convention
Correct answer: B. Seneca Falls Convention. The declaration called for greater social, civil and political rights for women.
Chapter 11: The Cotton Revolution
Why did the cotton gin help slavery expand?
- A. It ended the need for field labor
- B. It made short-staple cotton more profitable
- C. It stopped cotton exports
- D. It replaced enslaved workers with machines
Correct answer: B. It made short-staple cotton more profitable. Cotton planting spread west, increasing the demand for enslaved labor and breaking apart many families.
Chapter 12: Manifest Destiny
Which treaty ended the Mexican-American War?
- A. Treaty of Ghent
- B. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
- C. Adams-Onís Treaty
- D. Treaty of Paris
Correct answer: B. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Mexico ceded a vast area of western land to the United States.
Chapter 13: The Sectional Crisis
How did the Kansas-Nebraska Act deepen the sectional crisis?
- A. It ended slavery across the West
- B. It let settlers vote on slavery
- C. It admitted California as a slave state
- D. It restored the national bank
Correct answer: B. It let settlers vote on slavery. Popular sovereignty led proslavery and antislavery groups to fight for control of Kansas.
Chapter 14: The Civil War
Where did the Emancipation Proclamation declare enslaved people free?
- A. In every US state
- B. In states rebelling against the Union
- C. Only in border states
- D. Only in Washington, DC
Correct answer: B. In states rebelling against the Union. It changed the war’s purpose and allowed more Black men to join the Union military.
Chapter 15: Reconstruction
What did the Fourteenth Amendment establish?
- A. Direct election of senators
- B. Citizenship and equal protection under the law
- C. A national income tax
- D. Voting rights for women
Correct answer: B. Citizenship and equal protection under the law. It made national citizenship a constitutional right and limited state action against citizens.